Frederick denzler



FREDERICKDENZLER, OF NEW YORli, lN. Y.

BANK-LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 12,403, dated February *20,1 1855. i

To all wiz/m, t may concern:

Be 1t known that I, FREDERICK DENZLER, ot New York, State and county of New York, have invented a new and Improved Bank-Lock; and I do hereby' declare that the following is a full and eXact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of a lock with a tumbler key, in which the keydoes not turn any of i the parts in the inside of the lock, through which the bolt is held vfast or set at liberty,

but is only for the purpose of regulating and stopping the internal tumblers at the required position, to liberate the bolt, that the same may be pushed in or out as desired. l By this arrangement I am able to reduce the size of the key considerably as the same is not subjected to any strain, making said key convenient to be carried in the pocket or the portemonnaie without loosing any of the advantages derived ,from those kinds of locks and keys, on account of the possibility of being subject to anyA amount ot' changes,ac cording to the number of tumblers in the lock, and bits in the key.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l represents the inside of the lock, in a posi.- tion when the bolt is pushed in, with the top lock plate, the tumblers, and tumbler plates with their appurtenances removed. Fig. 2 represents the inside of the lock, with the to-p plte removed, with one tumbler and plate, &c., and all parts in a position to leave the bolt at liberty. Fig. 3, represents the same parts of the lock as Fig. 2, with all parts in a position to lock the bolt. Fig. t, represents the outside of the lock. The remaining figures represent dierent parts of the lock separately. f

Similar letters lrefer to similar parts.

(A) is the back plate of the lock, to which the different centers are attached, for the different parts to turn on, as well as the guides for t-he bolt (B) and for the main slide D. by the guides (c, c and a), fastto the back plate.

(C) is the fallar, turning upon a center fast to the back plate (A), and provided with a knob (C), projecting through the outside of the lockand the door, andby which the bolt (B) is pushed in or out.

(c, c) are stops for the fallar (C). (D)

(B) is the bolt of the lock, guided.

is the main slide, guided by thevprojections (el, d and (V), fast to the back plate. To

the lower partof this slide is the one end of the dog attached, turning on a center (e) fast` to the back plate.. Bythis connection, any motion given to the' slide (DI) is l I communicated to said dog When ,the

slide (D) is down, as represented in Figs.

, and 8, the bolt (B) is held fast'by the projection (D), of the slide (D), lying againstr` the projection (B) of the bolt (B), and by u the dog litt-ing in the notch vat the lowerside of the bolt (B), but-'if the slide (D) is moved upward, as represented in Fig. 2 the projection (D) of the slide, and

the 'dog (E) are brought clear of the p rojection and notch of the bolt (B), allowing said bolt to be pushed in or out of the lock by the fallar (C), exceptvsad bolt is iheld by any other part of the lock.` i (F) is a lever, turning upon a center fast to the back plate, and'provided with'a roller (h), bearin a ainsta yro'ection z' on the fallar g p J i (G) is a spring lever, turning upon a center (b), and bearing against a projection (n) on the lower side of the lever (F), forcing the latter, by its action, upward, so that the roller (h) lof said lever presses or bears always against the projection (i) on t-he fallar i (H) is a dog, turning -upon the center (6); and connected at one end with a pin (m) Jfast to the dog (E), receiving thereby a corresponding motion from. said dog The other end of the dog (H) is so constructed as to bear against the underside of the lever (F), when in the position represented in Figs. 1 and 3, or in otherv words, when the main slide is down and hold` ing the bolt (B) locked, thereby. preventing the lever (F) being pressed downward by the project-ion (i) ofthe fallar and consequently preventing said vfallar-(C) Vbeing moved. By the mot-ion given tothe dog (H), through thel dog (E), said dog is brought vclear of the lever (F), as yrepresented in Fig. 2, andthe fallar (C) can then be turned, being then capable of pushing the lever (F) away, as said lever is now only held up by the action of its spring lever (G). (J) is a fallar, turni-ng upon a center fast to the back plate'At), and prof jecting through the outside o the 106k and the door, and provided/with` a knobora key to turn the same by, and the .A

main slide (D) is raised up. (K) is a spring lever, turning upon a center (l) fast to the back plate (A), and bearing against the top of the main slide (D), pressing the same always downward, as soon as relieved of the action of the fallar (J). (L) is a lever, turning on a center (o), fast tothe back plate and provided with a small projection (7)), litting in a slot on the underside of the slide (D), and so arranged as to receive motion from the slide (D), as soon as said slide is moved. (M) is a lever, turning upon the center (q) fast to the back plate (A), and provided with a nose (Z), corresponding with a projection (Y), fast to the end of the bolt (B), and through which said lever (M) receives a slide motion. (N) is a tumbler, guided by the projections (d and 0W) fast to the back plate (A), and by the projection (7') fast to the main slide This tumbler (N) `rests upon the slide (D), and is kept up by a spring lever (O) turning on the pin (s) fast to the slideV Through the action of this spring lever (O), said tumbler (N) is made to move always with the slide (D), except when the action of the spring lever (O) is counteracted by one of the bits (u) of the key (Q) coming in con tact with the tumbler (N), when said tumbler (N) is stopped, and the slide (D) moves up alone the remaining distance. (X) is a catch, turning on a center (o) fact to the tumbler (N), and guidedby a projection (nf likewise fast to the tumbler This catch being attached to the tumbler by the pin (o) moves consequently the same distance as the tumbler. On the lower end of this catch is a small tooth (29') out on, as well as a suitable slot made, into which a pin (w), attached to the lever (M) ts.

`(P) is a tumbler plate, lying upon the tumbler (N), and guided, when moving, by the same projections which guide the tumbler. On the fore side of the tumbler plate (P) is a projection (P), which ts between two projections (I, I) fast to the bolt (B), when said bolt (B) is pushed in. On the back side of this tumbler plate (P) are teeth cut in, corresponding with the tooth cut on the catch (X), and corresponding in number to the number of tumblers which are placed into the lock.

Then the bolt (B) is pushed out (Figs. 2 and 3) the projection A(P), of the tumbler plate (P), comes out from between the projections (I, I) of the bolt (B), and if said bolt (B) requires to be pressed in again, the tumbler plate (P) must consequently be again in exactly the same position the same was in', when the bolt (B) was pressed out, otherwise the'projections (P) of the tumbler plate (P) will come against either of the projections (I, I) of the bolt (B), preventing" thereby said bolt (B) from being pushed inward.

of the corresponding bits -of the key. As

this key is not required to turn or to move any of the different parts of the lock, and consequently is not subject to any strain, the same may be made very small and light, and only sutliciently long to project through the lock and the door, making the same therefore convenient to be carried in the pocket, besides reducing the keyhole considerable.

(R) is a plate, attached to the slide (D) by the pins (7 and as) fast to said slide, and likewise guided by the projection (0V). This plate moves with the slide (D) and covers up all the tumblers, tumbler plates, Sac., lying between the same andthe slide (D), and is provided with a suit-able opening for the key and the 'fallar (J) `to pass through.

(y, y) are pins, fast to the plate (R), and projecting through suitable openings to the outside of the top plate (S) ofthe lock.

(S) is the top plate of the lock, by which all internal arrangement is covered up, and secured to the back plate (A) by the pins and nuts (z, d and c).

(T) is the lower top tumbler, and (U) is the upper top tumbler, turning on a center (L) fast to the top plate (S) and connected with the plate (R), through the pins 1/,30.

(V)is the top slide, likewise connected through the pins (iz/Jy) with the plate (R), and guided by suitable projections (W) fast to the top plate (S), and by the pin (cZ) which passes through the top plate. Through the connection of the top tumblers (T and U) and the top slide (V) with the plate (R) by means of the pins (y, y), motion is communicated to said top tumblers and top slide, and which are so constructed, that by the least motion, the key hole of the lock, with the exception of that part where the shank of the key proj ect-s through, is immediately covered up by said parts, preventing thereby any access being had to the inside of the lock through the key hole, eX- ceptl when the slide (D), from which they receive their motion, is quite down.

(W) is a lever, turning on a center (m) fast on the top plate (S), one end of which is connected with apin (g) fast to the lever (F), and projecting through the top plate, and the other end is so arranged, as to pass within the inside of the projection If the bolt (B) is vinside of the lock,'the bits (u, u) of the key (Q) may be placed in j any position desired to each other, then pu't il the key upon the drill pin in the key lr hole, and turn the fallar (J), until the slide l (D) is quite lifted up. By this motion the projection (D)v o'f the slide (D), has `come `l" clear of the projection (B) of the bolt (B),

and the dog (E) has been moved out ofi the notch (g) of the bolt (B), and the dog( (H) has been moved in such a position that i the lever (F) can b'e pushed downward,

being only held up by the spring lever (G).

The bolt (B) is therefore now at liberty and can be pushed out. By this upward motion of t-he slide (D), the tumbler (N) has been carried up with the saine, through the action of its spring lever (O), until said tumbler comes in Contact with one of the bits of the key (Q), by which the tumbler is now stopped, while the slide (D) finishes the remainder of the whole motion. The catch (X), which is attached to the tumbler, (N), has moved up with said tumbler, and the tooth (p) at the end of this catch has been brought exactly opposite one of the teeth at the back of the tumbler plate If the bolt (B) is now pushed out, through the fallar (C), the projection (Y), at the back of the bolt, has moved the lever (M) in such a manner, that through the same, the catch (X), which is connected to said lever (M), is pushed against the tumbler plate, so that its tooth falls into one of the teeth of the tumbler plate locking thereby the same to the tumbler (N), as represented in Fig. 2, and the projection (P) of the tumbler plate (P) has come out from between the projections (I, I) of the bolt (B). If the fallar (J) is now turned again, so as to allow the slide (D) to be pressed down by its spring lever (K), carrying with it the tumblers (N) with the tumbler plates (P), locked to the same by the catch (X), the projection (D) of the slide (D) comes again against the projection (B) of the bolt (B), and the dog (E) is moved into the notch (g) of the bolt (B), keeping thereby said bolt (B) fast. The dog (H) has thereby been likewise moved under vthe lever (F), preventing said lever being pushed away by the projection on the fallar (C), and prevents consequently said fallar from being moved. The top tumblers (T and U), as well as the top slide (V), have by this motion been brought iin a position to leave the keyhole open, when' the key can be taken outv again, when the lock is locked, and perfectly secure, 'and can 'not again be opened, except the key is put again into the key hole, with the bits (u, fu.) arranged exactly in the same mannery and position they were in, when the bolt was pushed out, as the 'tumblers (N) as l well as the tumbler plates (P) must be stopped, when the slide (D) is moved'upward, in exactly the same position the same wherein, when the bolt (B) was pushed out, to allow vthe projection (P) 'of the 4tumbler plate (P), to pass betweenthe Vprojections (I, I) of the bolt (B). If the key (Q) is therefore noft rst inserted, or if the saine 'or any substitute is inserted with the bits (u,

vin a different position or of different length ``as before, the tumblers (N) and tumbler plates (PI), which by the upward motion of 'the slidey (D)v are carried up with the same, will then be stopped in a ldifferent position, and the bolt (B) will consequently be 'prevented from being pushed in, by the projections (P) of the tumbler plate (P) coming in that case against either of the projections (I, I) of the said bolt (B)l It will readily be understood that almost any number of tumblers with their corresponding tumbler plates, &c., can be put into a lock, and consequently the larger the amount of the same, the more difficult it will be to nd the exact position each tumbler with its corresponding tumbler plate must occupy. I

" By the arrangement ofthe top tumblers (T and U), and the top slide (V), the access the same, as well as the dog (E), clear of4 the bolt, and at the same time bringing the tumblers and tumbler plates before the key-l hole. Now he must begin to move the first tumbler with its corresponding tumbler plate, by means of a hook or any other instrument downward, until he believes the same to be in its right position, and then do the same with the second, and so on to the last one.

On the back of the tumblers (N) are small irregular teeth (w) cut. A spring lever (S), with o-ne tooth at its end, is attached to the center (0) of the lever (L), and moves freely on the same, and is connected such a manner as to allow a free\action of lsaidfspring lever, but to have any motion given to the lever (L) communicated to they spring levers (S).` By this arrangement of said spring lever (S) itting into the teeth at the back of the tumblers (N), said tumbler with its t-umbler plate can only Vbe lnoved downward the distance of one tooth, where it will be kept by said spring lever (S), and as those dist-ances, as before mentioned, are very irregular the chances are therefore very much against finding the exact position of all, sothat the projections (P) of the tumbler plates (P) will all pass between the projections (I, I) of the bolt (B), for the purpose of allowing said bolt to be pushed in. If only one should be too far downward, there is no way to get the same up again, being held downlby its cor-v responding spring lever (S). By the least motion of the slide (D) the lever (L) will be moved outward, taking the spring lever- (S) with it, so as to bring the samev clear of the teeth in the tumblers, which will then immediately be pressed up again, by their corresponding spring levers (O) into their uppermost position, and the person attempting to pick the lock has to begin again at the beginning. The top tumblers ('I` and U) and the top slide (V), may likewise be placed below the top plate (S), and the plate (R) may likewise be so constructed as to cover up the keyhole, ,as soon as moved upward through the slide What I claim as new and my invention and desire to secure. by Letters Patent consists in rIhe lever (F) in connection with its spring lever (G) ,together with the dog (H) acting upon the lever (F), said dog (H) being actuated by the dog (E) for the purpose of preventing the fallar' (C) from being turned.

FREDERICK DENZLER.

Vitnesses HENRY E. ROEDER, LoUIs FROCH. 

